OECD warns that record-high export restrictions on critical raw materials are straining global supply chains and raising risks to energy transition and industrial security amid geopolitical tensions

The report identifies particularly high exposure to restrictions for cobalt, manganese, graphite, and rare earth elements, with a growing number of resource-rich countries in Africa and Asia adopting export controls. OECD also highlights that around 16% of global trade in monitored critical raw materials faces at least one export restriction, raising concerns over economic security, industrial competitiveness, and geopolitical fragmentation…