Global Initiative’s 2025 report reveals North Africa and the Sahel as key hubs for human smuggling and trafficking, driven by political instability and shifting migration routes

Since the late 1990s, North Africa and the Sahel have been pivotal corridors for migrants from Sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia, and the Middle East aiming to reach Europe. These areas also serve as significant origin and destination points for migration. The COVID-19 pandemic has further transformed migratory patterns and smuggling networks, influenced by ongoing conflicts, governance crises, and economic…