While the EU’s Markets in Crypto-Assets (MiCA) regulation now provides a harmonised framework for authorised issuers and service providers, many crypto-assets remain outside its scope, leaving consumers without key safeguards. The ESAs cautioned that providers operating under transitional arrangements may not yet offer MiCA-level protections and urged consumers to verify provider authorisation, understand the products they invest in, secure their wallets, and be wary of misleading promotions, especially on social media…