ESMA’s 2025 Risk Monitoring Report warns of market volatility, geopolitical uncertainty, cryptocurrency corrections, rising cyber threats, and the need to strengthen EU capital markets

ESMA reiterates warnings about speculation, despite booming crypto markets and notes growing cyber threats amid geopolitical tensions. The EU’s corporate financing environment is considered weak, although credit risk might ease with lower interest rates. In addition, the debt maturity wall from 2025-2028 raises sustainability concerns.